(An Incomplete Guide to) Summer Opportunities for MIT Students

(An Incomplete Guide to) Summer Opportunities for MIT Students This past Friday was the MIT career fair, a huge event where hundreds of companies send recuiters to set up booths at MIT. It fills up an ice rink, a track, and a basketball court; over 4000 students attend. Its preceded and followed by a lot of info-sessions, panels, networking events, and anxiety. Last year, I went to the career fair with the primary intention of nabbing as many free t-shirts as possible (33, in case you were interested); I attended company talks primarily for the free meals. I spent my freshman year actively avoiding thoughts of Real Life. Jobs, internships, résumés: I was having none of itmy focus was on adjusting to the new environment and making friends rather than the career grind. Over the summer, it dawned on me that I would actually be eligible for many internships this summer and that I should perhaps fix the formatting of my résumé and invest in some business-casual clothing. And so, before the summer had even ended, I was already preoccupied with plans for the next. I find it crazy that recruiting season is so early in the semester, but at this point I’m just rolling with the punches and hoping the early start points to an early finish; I’d really like to have more time to focus more on classes, community, and personal growth. I’m far from having it all figured out, but here are some steps that I’ve taken this semester: 1) Applying to externships The deadline this year was September 23, but this program runs every year. These are mini-internships, or externships, held over IAP; each externship is hosted by an MIT alum. More information is on this page, but you essentially look through the listings and decide on three to apply to. If youre so inclined, you can attend an info-session to learn more or ask questions. You need a résumé, often a cover letter, and often an unofficial transcript. 2) Having my résumé critiqued A lot of clubs hold critique events in September, as does GECD, MIT’s Global Education Career Development office. GECD has generous drop-in hours in the weeks preceding the career fair, and my fifteen-minute meeting was helpful. 3) Attending company presentations I have a vague sense of what different industries do and what types of majors lead to which industries, but when looking for an internship, it’s very important for me to have a sense of what employees’ everyday responsibilities are and what kinds of problems theyre working on. At these presentations, you get the chance to hear directly from employees and to talk to them afterwards, which is really helpful when youre trying to narrow down potential options. 4) Career fair This is the obvious one. Because it was my first time actually trying to sell myself, I had only a vague sense of whether I was doing it well, but I scoped out the list of companies beforehand and had a rough idea of what industries I was interested in. I did some background research, prepared questions, asked about internship openings, dropped a lot of résumés, and so on. Career fair day is typically a student holiday, but MITs start date was pushed back a week this year due to a late Labor Day; to compensate, we had classes on the day of the career fair this year, which led to a lot of running around campus and scrambling to turn in psets on time. So it was quite a hectic day. But what if you dont want to apply for internships? What if you dont want to apply for internships right now? Completely understandableit is, after all, reaching the point in the semester when everything else is suddenly picking up and becoming overwhelming. Alternatively, what are you supposed to do if youre a freshman with little work experience? What if you blew off the career fair? How on earth did I manage to find something to do last summer that wasnt lie on my couch and admire my collection of free American Apparel t-shirts? 1) If your apprehension stems from self-doubtstill apply! You never know how things will turn out unless you try. Obviously, if you have none of the required qualifications, it might be worth working on building those skills so that you are a viable candidate in future years. 2) Go abroad with MIT. A lot of programs (SMURF, MISTI, MISTI GTL, IROP, to name a few) are wide-open for freshmen (and upperclassmen!) looking to gain some research/work/teaching experience and see other countriesimmersing yourself in the culture of another country really broadens your worldview and gives you the opportunity to learn about other cultures, see beautiful places, and connect to people you never wouldve met otherwise. Many of these programs have language requirements. But many don’t. A lot of the due dates are rather early and can fly past; last year, I missed many of the deadlines, but I did still catch the one for IROP, which took me to Hong Kong for the summer. Also, Im pretty sure that if you independently find a lab or company in a MISTI country, you can contact the MISTI staff about being part of the program. As a freshman, the main issue you’ll run into will probably be finding professors to write your letters of recommendation, (though I’ve been told that you can sometimes delay handing these in until you’ve spent a little more time at MIT). I don’t think I did a very good job of building these connections during my freshman yearâ€"partially due to large GIR lectures and partially because I’m more of the sit-silently-and-get-good-grades type1â€"but please dont be like me! I dont even want to be like me in this regardâ€"go to office hours and talk to professors! If you, like me, think office hours are primarily for clarifying pset problems and wonder how it’s even possible to impress your professor while asking a question they might find totally trivial2, MIT also funds student-faculty dinners (or at least they did last year). These can be a good way to learn more about your professor, his/her research, and his/her interests outside of what is taught in class. 3) If you can spare the time, find an interesting UROP during the semester. These can help you get a sense of what kind of work you are/aren’t interested inâ€"although some UROPs have prerequisites and requirements, many dont or are flexible! And the opportunities certainly reach beyond what is listed on the siteâ€"I found my first UROP by emailing around the Media Lab. Many students also find UROPs for the summer or stay on campus to continue working on their semester UROP over the summer. Incidentally, if you apply before the deadline for direct funding, it’s also a nice way to earn a little extra spending money. Furthermore, it puts you in direct contact with a graduate student and possibly the professor who is the PI of the lab. I found that having a faculty member who had seen my work ethic in action was very helpful for letters of recommendation. 4) Some companies have programs for freshmen. Off the top of my head, I know that Google, Microsoft, and Facebook host such programs, but I bet there are more, and there might be companies outside of the tech/EECS realm3 that also offer such programs or hire freshmen. 5) Ask your advisor about programs within your major, or do some research online. For example: course 3 has an internship program. So does course 17 (including the MIT-Washington program, which is open to students of all courses). Looktheres a big list here! 6) There will be more career fairs later in the year. See this list. 7) Apply to MITs programs for professional devleopmentIm aware of F/ASIP and UPOP, professional development programs for freshmen and sophomores, respectively, but there must be more out there, which will probably be publicized via email. 8) Do something else. It can be completely off the grid. One of my good friends from MIT spent a good part of the summer hitchhiking up the west coast, and shes doing just fine. But really, it doesnt even have to be something that takes a lot of gumption or energy. Read, talk, bathe, lie in the sun, dance. Work on somethingor dont. You will be fine. Finally, if you have an idea for independent summer research or want to spend time abroad for something related to your education, MIT offers a lot of opportunities for students to receive funding. The Kelly-Douglas Fund is dedicated to helping students (only sophomore+, unfortunately, though freshmen with sophomore standing also qualify) travel over IAP or the summer in order to pursue HASS-related interests. The Peter J. Eloranta Undergraduate Research Fellowships fund novel research ideas. More funding opportunities are listed on this GECD webpage. In summary: Programs/opportunities MIT-Washington SMURF MISTI MISTI GTL IROP UROP (during year or summer) Externship (during IAP, deadline has passed for this year) GECD (not a program per se, but helpful for preparation) Future career fairs List of lots of internships, including departmental programs F/ASIP UPOP Funding Kelly-Douglas Fund (not open to freshmen, except those with sophomore standing in the spring semester) Peter J. Eloranta Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowships Other funding As you can probably tell, the list could go on and on. Its also really useful to ask upperclassmen and classmates what they did and go from there, but so many of these MIT webpages are so underappreciated! This post is just a rough introduction to whats out there. Good luck! 1 This was in large part because I was confused about what I wanted to study. I thought I’d be a computer science major and ended up taking a lot of CS classes my freshman spring, but I wasnt very excited about any of them. Eventually, I realized I was more interested in theoretical problem-solving and the humanities. This is another post for another time, but I wanted to explain that this year I’m taking classes that I would be more inclined to think about casually; I’m hopeful about the prospect of building more meaningful connections within my major this year. 2 Maybe this is because I’m a math major and it’s hard to have casual conversations about material from math class the way that a bio major might, say, talk about a medical technique related to something he/she learned in bio class. 3 Possibly Bank of America and Jane Street, if I overheard correctly at the career fair.

The Benefits Of Nextdoor Social Networking Software

Using Technology to Increase Community Engagement: The Benefits of Nextdoor Social Networking Software Introduction to Community Engagement While it is difficult to define what constitutes a successful community, many of these share a variety of common characteristics. Successful communities strive to capitalize on the unique history, natural surroundings, architecture, and locally owned businesses found in their area to bring economic success to their citizens. In order to achieve this, a successful community must work to organize their members and to maximize community engagement to plan for the future (McMahon, 2013). Community engagement is a term often used to describe the level of interaction achieved between a group of individuals connected either by geographic location, affiliation with an organization, or common interest in a specific topic or activity (Queensland Department of Energy Services, 2001). In neighborhood settings, community engagement often refers to the level of interaction between members of the community and the degree to which they actively work to better their community and surroundings. A successful community must share a common vision for the future and base their plans on the enhancement of their existing resources. This includes using education and incentives to convince neighbors to cooperate with projects geared toward enhancing economic success and community aesthetics projects (McMahon, 2013). These goals are best met through

10 Easy Ways of Helping Turtles Survive

Sea turtles have lived on Earth for about 110 million years. However, due to human activity, 6 of the 7 sea turtle species—green, Kemp’s ridley, olive ridley, flatback, hawksbill, and leatherback—are now classified as endangered. The seventh species, the loggerhead, is classified as threatened (likely to become an endangered species in the near future). Organizations Dedicated to Helping Sea Turtles Contact the following organizations to donate, volunteer, and learn more about ways to help the sea turtles:Sea Turtle ConservancySEE TurtlesTurtle Island Restoration NetworkThe Ocean FoundationOceanic Society How to Help Sea Turtles Survive According to the Sea Turtle Conservancy and the World Wildlife Fund, sea turtles face threats from overharvesting and poaching, global warming, ocean pollution, and the encroachment of human activity on their nesting sites. Although targeting these problems may seem like an overwhelming task, there are specific actions you can take to ensure the survival of sea turtles. Baby hawksbill turtle after being rescued. Jereme Thaxton/Getty Images Source Your Seafood Responsibly Sea turtles often become the bycatch of irresponsible fishing methods. Educate yourself on how your seafood was caught and support organizations that advocate for the sustainable catching of seafood. The Monterey Bay Aquariums Seafood Watch website and app allow you to look up specific types of seafood and determine if they were responsibly sourced. In addition, organizations like Too Rare to Wear also have information on products that have been made from turtle shells, like jewelry and souvenirs, which are often sold to tourists in tropical regions. Get Rid of Pollution Sailors from the USS Thorn use bolt cutters and knives to free the only surviving sea turtle in a group of four found tangled in some long-ago discarded netting, July 10, 2001 in the Mediterranean Sea. U.S. Navy / Getty Images Help make beaches safe for turtles and other marine animals by participating in cleanups to help remove trash from the beach. Doing so will also stop more trash from entering the oceans, reducing the chances that a turtle may become trapped or eat it. Many local groups organize such cleanups year-round, or you can organize a beach clean-up day with some friends. Cleaning up the beach may also help make that locations habitable for turtles again. After a 2-year beach cleanup in Miami that removed over 11 million pounds of trash from the environment, olive ridley turtle hatchlings were spotted making their way from the nest to the ocean, which had not occurred in decades. Previously, the turtles had been able to lay eggs on the beach but could not maneuver in the trash. Replace Disposable Plastic With Reusable Items Plastic bag at sea. These can be dangerous to sea turtles who mistake them for food, such as jellyfish. _548901005677/Moment Open/Getty Images You can help prevent trash from ever entering the ocean in the first place by recycling and reducing the amount of trash that you create. For some items, consider using their reusable counterparts, like shopping bags and water bottles to reduce your chances of polluting the beach. Plastic bags are especially troublesome, as sea turtles can mistake them for their favorite snack: jellyfish. You can also avoid other single-use items, like balloons during a birthday beach bash, which will likely end up in the ocean where they will be eaten by turtles and other wildlife. Keep Beaches Dark at Night WWF volunteers coax released baby green turtles that were found at a nest site the day before, to the waters edge with lights at Acyatan Beach on August 23, 2018 in Adana, Turkey. Chris McGrath / Getty Images Nesting turtles and hatchlings use the moons natural lighting as a guide. Instinctively, they follow the brightest direction to find their way to the water, but if they are disoriented by artificial lighting, they may wander inland and die of dehydration or predation. Avoid all forms of artificial light while at the beach at night, including flashlights, flash photography, video cameras, and fires on nesting beaches. If you do need lighting, try to avoid directly illuminating the beach, using a shade to minimize the amount of light shining in the area. If staying at a beachfront property, be sure to turn off all lights at night. If you do see disoriented baby turtles at night, do not take it upon yourself to move the turtles. Contact a nature conservancy organization or local authorities. Be Careful When Boating and Fishing A moving boat can seriously injure or kill a turtle, so stay alert if you are boating in the ocean. If you spot sea turtles in the water, stay at least 50 yards away. If they are close to your boat, put your engine on neutral or turn it off until the turtles swim away. Change your fishing location if you spot sea turtles nearby or they show interest in your bait. And remember to collect all of your fishing gear and supplies once youre done, especially fishing line, hooks, and nets. Don’t Disturb the Turtles An NPS volunteer helps Kemps ridley sea turtle hatchlings reach the water at South Padre Island National Seashore. Who knew volunteering could be so adorable?.  © qnr via Flickr Never pick up a hatchling. Though it may be tempting, doing so may frighten or disorient them. If you do want to watch one, attend a sea turtle watch hosted by an organization, which would allow you to observe the sea turtles without disturbing them. Do not catch a baby turtle in an aquarium or bucket of water. This will use up the energy they need to swim to the ocean after they emerge from their nest. Reduce Your Carbon Footprint Global warming can skew the gender ratios of sea turtles, as well as the distribution of predators and prey. Although climate change might seem like too big an issue to tackle, there are many steps you can personally take to reduce global warming. Adopt a Sea Turtle Support sea turtle conservation efforts by â€Å"adopting a sea turtle† or making a donation to a wildlife conservation program that monitors and helps satellite-tracked turtles. You can also â€Å"adopt a nest† during nesting season. Avoid Beach Activities at Night Try to avoid walking on the beach at night during the summer, as this may frighten nesting turtles back into the sea. To help make it easier for turtles to navigate the beach, you can also remove beach furniture and other equipment from the beach before the nighttime, as turtles may become caught in them or become disoriented. Help Spread Awareness There are many ways you can help make a positive change for sea turtles. One main way is through education. You can help educate your local neighborhood or school by giving presentations, and tell people about the cause during conversations. Sources â€Å"Adoption Programs.† Seaturtle.org, Seaturtle.org, www.seaturtle.org/adopt/.â€Å"Endangered Ocean: Sea Turtles.† Ocean Today, National Ocean Service, oceantoday.noaa.gov/endoceanseaturtles/.â€Å"Information About Sea Turtles, Their Habitats and Threats to Their Survival.† Conserveturtles.org, Sea Turtle Conservancy, conserveturtles.org/information-about-sea-turtles-their-habitats-and-threats-to-their-survival/.â€Å"Ways to Help.† Ways to Help the Sea Turtles, Nova Southeastern University, cnso.nova.edu/seaturtles/ways-to-help.html.â€Å"What Can You Do to Save Sea Turtles?† NOAA Fisheries, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 6 June 2016, www.fisheries.noaa.gov/feature-story/what-can-you-do-save-sea-turtles.â€Å"What Is the Difference Between Endangered and Threatened?† Wolf - Western Great Lakes, U.S. Fish Wildlife Service, Mar. 2003, www.fws.gov/midwest/wolf/esastatus/e-vs-t.htm.

Science Thesis on SImple Physics Free Essays

Throughout this trimester, we have completed several activities to help us answer our driving question of, â€Å"which Planets would be the most habitable and how can we determine this. † In order to organize our process of learning and how we can find these planets, we divided the question Into three learning units. Our units Included Nuclear Reactions and Star, Waves and light, Analyzing stars, and Circular motion and orbits. We will write a custom essay sample on Science Thesis on SImple Physics or any similar topic only for you Order Now Our first unit was Nuclear Reactions and Stars. This unit was focused on teaching us the properties of nuclear reactions, where they occur, and how they help us find tars, relating directly to our driving unit. The main idea of this unit was that there are three types of nuclear reactions. Radioactive decay is the release of either an electron, a helium atom, or energy, In an unstable and large elements. Fission Is the process of when a neutron traveling at fast speeds strikes a large element, causing It to split into two elements and the release of usually around three neutrons. Finally, fusion occurs when two elements fuse together, producing a large amount of energy. This process requires extreme heat, like that of stars, In order to create an environment where all molecules move around at fast speeds, making them susceptible to fusion. Therefore, stars produce extreme amounts of energy through fusion. The heat produced by the sun makes fusion happen all the time. Next, through learning the equation E=mica, we realized that even a small amount of mass loss, which occurs In fusion, produces a large amount of energy. To sum up this unit, we learned about the evolutionary paths of stars and how they are affected by their mass. Basically, average mass stars go through a simple path of stellar nebula, prostate, average star, red giant, white dwarf. However, high mass stars go through a stellar nebula, high mass star, super red giant, supernova, then either a neutron star or black hole. It becomes a black hole only of its mass is incredibly high. In order to understand why this happens, we watched an understanding stars video and did some helpful bookwork. Stars go through this cycle as the balance between gravity and the stars outward force (usually fusion) changes. As a star gets hot enough to start fusion and create a variety of new elements, it’s outward force increases, causing the star to expand. As star then begins to run out of fuel, the star begins to use larger elements, cooling the gas and causing it to spread outwards. Finally, as the star begins to lose all of Its elements to fuse, gravity breaks the gravitational equilibrium It once had and collapses the star. Through this unit, we learned how stars work and how nuclear reactions are what cause the release of energy in nature. Our second unit consisted of waves and light. Now that we knew how stars work, we had to learn how we know so much about stars, how we find them, and how we find planets that orbit them. In order to accomplish this, we first investigated waves. I OFF eaves: transverse (electromagnetic) and longitudinal waves (sound). Then we learned that there are two speed equations for waves. One is the obvious s=d/t. The other equation, which is Just a derivative of this, is speed?wavelength * frequency. Through this, we could calculate the wavelength or frequency of any electromagnetic wave if we knew one or the other (because the speed is always a constant). Next we learned about the electromagnetic spectrum. This is basically a list of electromagnetic waves from least energy (longest wavelength) to most energy (shortest wavelength). This allowed us to see how much we can not see and the frequencies of these waves. Furthermore, we learned the importance of intensity, in my opinion, the most important part of this unit. Intensity is defined as the amount of energy in a given area. Basically, as we move away from the source, the area the source occupies increases, thus decreasing the energy we feel or see. Through the intensity lab, in which I did high tech, we figured that the relationship is an inverse square. Using our now known knowledge about intensity, waves, and luminosity(power output or dotage), we could now use the luminosity of the star to find the habitable zone. To do this, we used the equations given by the online activity, eventually allowing us to see if there was a habitable planet, usually fictional, in the stars zone. In unit three, we expanded on our star knowledge from unit one and two. One of the main projects we did in this unit was the star evaluation sheet. We had to find a random star using the online planetarium given to us and then research it’s characteristics. Once we found a star we liked, we used websites, such as wisped, o find out the basics of the star. Through the website, we were able to find distance from the earth, Surface temperature, the star’s radius, the star’s mass, and its Luminosity. Using this information, we were able to use our past knowledge and equations and new equations (wavelength of peak emission=b/T where b is Wine’s displacement constant) in order to further our information about the star. Next, we used the equation of r=((1360*Lasts/Lulus)/ in order to find the outer and inner edge of the stars habitable zone (using 720 and 1500 as established intensities for habitable zone edges). Then using what we knew about that mass, luminosity, and temperature of the star, we could use the H-R diagrams, which we learned about this unit doing book work, to determine the stage the star was in. Sadly, my star was a massive star in its supernatant stage. Even though the star did have a useable habitable zone, the star’s life span was way too short, leading to the conclusion that my star shouldn’t be considered as a possibility for Project Cygnus colony ship. Furthermore, we also did an activity online in which we chose a star offered, figured out whether it had a planet orbiting it through the brightness dips in the graph), figured out the period of the planet (again through the amount of time it took for the brightness dips to occur), and then through a series of equations, we found the habitable zone and saw whether the planet was inside of the zone. This unit helped expand our knowledge on stars and to fugue out how to find the habitable zones of stars and whether a planet is orbiting in that zone. Objects are able to travel in a circle and why two objects in orbit do not collide into each other. Through a series of readings and activities, such as the water demo, we earned that centripetal force is the force holding an object in circular motion and it points radically inward. However, this brought up a couple of questions. These included: â€Å"Why does the water in the cup during the water demo not fall out? ND Why do we not fall out of a reallocates when we are upside down. In order to answer both, we first looked at properties of an object traveling in a circular direction. First, we learned that centripetal equation is basically acceleration in a circular direction that points inward. In a object is traveling in a circular path, we can SE the equation centripetal acceleration=(tangential speed)AAA / the radius of the circl e in meters. To find the tangential speed, the equation we used was speed?circumference of the circle/the period of the object. This is basically speed?distance/time. These equations helped us do our buggy lab in which we found the centripetal acceleration and used this to help us find the amount of centripetal force (in Newton’s) by using the equation f=mass*acceleration. The mass was easily found via a scale and we used the equations given to help us find the acceleration. However, this still didn’t totally answer the question of why we do not all out of a roller coaster when we are upside down. Through a presentation and a roller coaster Journal glasswork, we realized that the reason this happens is because there is a normal force caused by our speed and inertia that causes us to resist falling. Through all of this, I realized that this perfectly explained the driving question of this unit, which stated Why does the moon not crash into the planet it is orbiting, the earth? As a result of these activities, I understood that this is because the object is constantly accelerating towards the center, causing an elliptical like orbit where he planet never crashes. In conclusion, this unit taught me why objects stay in orbit and the forces involved in circular motion. With still more to go in this unit, I am quite excited to see where this leads us. Overall, all of the activities we have done have lead us closer to answering our driving question of the unit, â€Å"What planets are habitable and how can we determine this. † Through a series of activities, labs, and lectures, we have learned about the properties of stars and their orbiting planets, all of which have helped us determine information about stars and their orbiting planets. How to cite Science Thesis on SImple Physics, Papers

Insurance Sector in India free essay sample

Insurance may be described as a social device to reduce or eliminate risk of loss to life and property. Under the plan of insurance, a large number of people associate themselves by sharing risks attached to individuals. The risks which can be insured against include fire, the perils of sea, death and accidents and burglary. Any risk contingent upon these, may be insured against at a premium commensurate with the risk involved. Thus collective bearing of risk is insurance General definition: In the words of John Magee, â€Å"Insurance is a plan by which large number of people associate themselves and transfer to the shoulders of all, risks that attach to individuals. † ? Fundamental definition: In the words of D. S. Hansell, â€Å"Insurance may be defined as a social device providing financial compensation for the effects of misfortune, the payment being made from the accumulated contributions of all parties participating in the scheme. We will write a custom essay sample on Insurance Sector in India or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In the words of justice Tindall, â€Å"Insurance is a contract in which a sum of money is paid to the assured as consideration of insurer’s incurring the risk of paying a large sum upon a given contingency. †? †¢ Functions of insurance: In a laymans words, insurance means, ‘a guard against pecuniary loss arising on the happening of an unforeseen event’. In developing economies, the insurance sector still holds a lot of potential which can be tapped. Majority of the people in the developing countries remains unaware of the functions and benefits of insurance and it is for this reason that the nsurance sector is still to grow. Insurance is an instrument to share the financial loss. It is a medium through which few losses are divided among larger number of people. All the insured add the premiums towards a fund and out of which the persons facing a specific risk is paid. c) Evaluating risk – Insurance fixes the likely volume of risk by assessing diverse factors that give rise to risk. Risk is the basis for ascertaining the premium rate as well. d) Provide Certainty – Insurance is a device, which assists in changing uncertainty to certainty. 1. Secondary functions of insurance a) Preventing losses – a.

marketing ch.5 Essays

marketing ch.5 Essays marketing ch.5 Paper marketing ch.5 Paper Essay Topic: Literature false When analyzing the immediate environment and the macroenvironment, marketers must be careful to keep the firm at the center of all analyses. ⠐ £ ⠐ £ false In the immediate environment, the competition has no effect on consumers. ⠐ £ false Demographics are transmitted by words, literature, and institutions from generation to generation. ⠐ £ false As the euro becomes more expensive relative to the dollar, Americans are likely to purchase more European wines. ⠐ £ ⠐ £ false Macroenvironmental factors include the company, competition, and corporate partners. ⠐ £ false The global spread of technology has eliminated all differences between cultures. ⠐ £ ⠐ £ false Tweens rarely use any type of technology. false he members of Generation X are also referred to as Digital Natives. ⠐ £ ⠐ £ false One of the social trends discussed in the text that is shaping consumer values in the U.S. and around the world is a concern about the vast disparity in income. ⠐ £ ⠐ £ false Burger King no longer uses SpongeBob SquarePants to promote burgers and fries because the character is no longer popular with young children. ⠐ £ false Socially responsible marketing is defined as a strategic effort by firms to supply customers with environmentally friendly merchandise. ⠐ £ ⠐ £ false Inflation refers to the cost of borrowing money. ⠐ £ identify potential opportunities By paying close attention to customer needs and continuously monitoring the environment in which it operates, a good marketer can ⠐ £ ⠐ £ identify potential opportunties As a retail clothing store manager, Randy frequently asks his staff what customers are saying and what they are asking for. He also attends the quarterly clothing show at the regional merchandise mart. Randys efforts will likely help him to ⠐ £ ⠐ £ all of these The factors in the immediate marketing environment include the actions of the ⠐ £ ⠐ £ consumers The centerpiece of the Marketing Environment Analysis Framework is ⠐ £ competition A firms macroenvironment includes all of the following EXCEPT ⠐ £ ⠐ £ the consumer the center of all marketing efforts is ⠐ £ ⠐ £ her target customers As director of a small art gallery, one of Fredericas major concerns is the preferences of the people who buy her artists work. Frederica recognizes that the center of her marketing efforts is ⠐ £ ⠐ £ to offer greater value than competitors offer. One of the goals of value-based marketing is ⠐ £ ⠐ £ from a customers point of view. Ryan knows that one of the goals of value-based marketing is to provide greater value to consumers than competitors offer. To accomplish this goal, Ryans firm must look at everything it does ⠐ £ ⠐ £ needs, wants, and ability to purchase Yvonne knows her firm must look at everything they do from a consumers point of view. One major difficulty is that a consumers __________ change(s) over time. ⠐ £ ⠐ £ This generation puts a strong emphasis on work/life balance and are experts at using various media forms. Select the statement that best describes the key traits of Generation Y. ⠐ £ Time-poor society When an office supply store offers self-check-out, extended hours at its stores, and online shopping with next day delivery, it is trying to address what type of concern? ⠐ £ privacy. When you register your telephone number with the Do Not Call Registry, you are responding to a need for⠐ £ ⠐ £ the firm itself In the immediate marketing environment, one key factor that affects the consumer is ⠐ £ match their core competencies. Successful firms focus their efforts on satisfying customer needs that ⠐ £ match its core compenetencies The Mayo Clinic in Minnesota is known for top-quality medical care. For decades, even presidents and dictators from around the world flew to the Mayo Clinic to utilize its services. The Mayo Clinic used its reputation to create additional medical facilities in Jacksonville, Florida, and elsewhere. This is an example of a firm focusing its efforts on satisfying customer needs that ⠐ £ all of these When evaluating competitors, marketers need to assess competitors ⠐ £ likely reaction to Yuris promotional activities. Yuri is considering a new promotional campaign in which he will compare his products to those of his competitors. Before initiating the promotional campaign, Yuri will likely assess his competitors strengths, weaknesses, and ⠐ £ ⠐ £ corporate partners The firms that work along with the focal firm to provide goods and services to consumers are viewed as⠐ £ ⠐ £ corporate partners Firms that provide materials, transportation, advertising, accounting, and other goods and services, helping a firm create value for its customers, are called ⠐ £ ⠐ £ external The difference between a firms immediate marketing environment and its macroenvironment is that the macroenvironment is ⠐ £ ⠐ £ culture The shared meanings, beliefs, morals, values, and customs of a group of people constitute their ⠐ £ regional culture Political candidates are notorious for appealing to the different beliefs and values of groups of potential voters in different areas of the country. These politicians are appealing to differences in ⠐ £ ⠐ £ culture Insight Guides, a line of travel books, provides travelers with background information about the peoples beliefs, values, and customs. Insights books educate travelers about a countrys ⠐ £ ⠐ £ can help to identify a particular group that might be interested in the marketers products. When studying culture, the challenge for marketers is to determine whether culture all of these Marketers have learned that culture influences __________ consumers buy. ⠐ £ ⠐ £ country culture Late in the day on September 11, 2001, the day of the World Trade Center attacks, Americans purchased all the American flags Walmart stores had available, nationwide. These purchases were indicative of can be used as a relevant identifier for a particular target group. he United States has often been called the melting pot society, integrating people from many different cultures into the social fabric of the country. The challenge for marketers is to determine whether a groups culture ⠐ £ ⠐ £ all of these identifiable elements of a countrys culture include ⠐ £ ⠐ £ language When considering the use of a radio commercial in England that was designed for U.S. markets, a marketer would likely need to consider which of the following aspects of culture that might be different between the two countries? ⠐ £ regional culture In New England foot-long sandwiches are called grinders while in many other parts of the country they are called subs. This is an example of the impact of ⠐ £ ⠐ £ reduce regional cultural differences. the shift of population from the Rust Belt in the North to the Sun Belt in the South and Southwest will likely ⠐ £ ⠐ £ all of these Typical demographic data include ⠐ £ ⠐ £ demographics When marketers look at advertising media they often begin with viewer or listener profiles such as age, income, gender, and race. They then compare the media profile with their target audience. These marketers are using __________ to see if the media fit with their advertising agenda. ⠐ £ ⠐ £ purchase behavior Generational cohorts are groups of people of the same generation who have similar __________ because they have shared experiences and are in the same stage of life. ⠐ £ ⠐ £ demographic data indicating that Monday Night Football attracts male viewers and the Academy Awards attracts female viewers. Viewers of the baseball World Series are likely to see ads for beer and cars, and viewers of the Academy Awards broadcast (the Oscars) are likely to see ads for clothing and hair care products, due to ⠐ £ baby boomers From a marketing perspective, what separates __________ from the generation before them is that they are individualistic, value leisure time as a high priority, and are trying to maintain their youth. ⠐ £ generation x Marketers selling to the __________ generational cohort need to recognize that these consumers are not too interested in shopping, are cynical, and are less likely to believe advertising claims than the generation(s) before them. ⠐ £ ⠐ £ generation x Julie is an experienced shopper. She has been doing the familys weekly shopping since she was twelve. She is not very interested in status items, and questions advertising claims. Julie is most likely to be in the __________ generational cohort. ⠐ £ ⠐ £ generation x The __________ generational cohort is characterized by the question, Why shop at Neiman Marcus when Kohls and Target are just as good, cheaper, and more convenient? ⠐ £ ⠐ £ generation y Tweens are part of which generational cohort? ⠐ £ greenwashing ABC Company knew that its customers were interested in environmentally friendly business practices, so it began marking all of their products as environmentally friendly because they were made with all natural ingredients, even though ABCs plant was one of the worst polluters in town. The new term for this practice is ⠐ £ income in the United States has become more unevenly distributed. When considering income as a demographic variable affecting marketing efforts, marketers need to recognize that ⠐ £ ⠐ £ creates opportunities to provide value to each group. Astute marketers recognize that the increasing disparity of income between upper- and lower-income groups value ince the late 1970s, most American families have seen their income growth stagnate, with income rising only slightly more than inflation. This has changed many Americans consumers concept of ⠐ £ ⠐ £ useful predictions of purchase behavior. for some products, marketers can combine education level with other data like occupation and income to obtain ⠐ £ ⠐ £ spend their disposable income differently. Marketers know that, compared to high school graduates who are working full time, college students ⠐ £ have been blurred in the past several years. gender roles they speak different languages and come from different cultures. Marketers should not assume that they can target all Asian consumers in the United States with one strategy because approximately 80 percent of all population growth in the next 20 years is expected to come from minority groups. Marketers in the United States are paying increasing attention to ethnic groups because ⠐ £ New York, Los Angeles, and Chicago. Marketers are more likely to find higher concentrations of foreign-born Americans and recent immigrants in⠐ £ the fastest growing minority population. Though Asian Americans comprise only 3 percent of the U.S. population, they represent ⠐ £ green marketing strategic efforts to supply consumers with environmentally friendly merchandise are called ⠐ £ more green-consumer conscious. Compared to consumers in the United States, Europeans are ⠐ £ ⠐ £ add value that other products do not have. By offering environmentally responsible products, green marketers ⠐ £ ⠐ £ value contributing to a greener environment. Many American consumers are purchasing hybrid automobiles even though they are more expensive and sometimes less fuel efficient when compared to compact conventional autos. These consumers ⠐ £ Honest telemarketers found it easier to reach customers. he U.S. Federal Trade Commission created the Do Not Call Registry to curb problems with unwanted telephone solicitations. Which of the following was NOT one of the results? ⠐ £ his lack of privacy. Recently, Jason, one of the few Americans who has not registered with the Do Not Call Registry, received a call from a marketer suggesting Jason needed additional insurance since he had just become a father and changed jobs. Jason was shocked and very concerned about ⠐ £ grab consumers attention. The many demands on consumers today have made it more difficult for marketers to ⠐ £ ⠐ £ all of these The reality that marketers face consumers who are time poor is illustrated by the fact that ⠐ £ ⠐ £ making their products available whenever and wherever consumers want them. Because Americans are working longer hours without increases in real, disposable income, and are utilizing an army of communication devices to keep up with the demands in their personal and work lives, retailers are ⠐ £ ⠐ £ the time-poor society. David travels a great deal in the course of his business. He has noticed ads in many new places, including fortune cookies, baggage claim conveyor belts, on the sides of buses, etc. Marketers would like to reach David, and are responding to concerns about ⠐ £ ⠐ £ advertising their products heavily on daytime television. Gretchen has a job that requires working late several nights a week. This puts a lot of strain on her to find time to shop and prepare meals for her family. Grocery stores recognize the importance of consumers like Gretchen and have responded in all of the following ways except ⠐ £ meet inventory needs. A recent advance in technology called RFID makes it easier for manufacturers, distributors, and retailers to track items through production, distribution, and sales. This advance helps the firm to ⠐ £ ⠐ £ age When marketers monitor the economic situation affecting their target markets, they are likely to monitor changes in all of the following EXCEPT ⠐ £ Mexican products became more expensive while U.S.-made products became comparatively less expensive. In the early 1990s, the inflation rate in Mexico was twice the rate in the United States, but the Mexican monetary authorities kept the peso/dollar exchange rate almost constant. For Mexican consumers ⠐ £ ⠐ £ more Canadian visitors. Every winter, resort managers in Myrtle Beach, South Carolina, check the exchange rate between the U.S. dollar and the Canadian dollar. In recent years, the exchange has changed from approximately $0.65 Canadian dollars per U.S. dollar, to approximately equal value of both currencies (i.e., $1 Canadian is worth about the same as $1 U.S.). These resort managers should expect ⠐ £ ⠐ £ increased choices. Laws that prohibit the formation of monopolies or alliances that would damage a competitive marketplace benefit consumers through ⠐ £ ⠐ £ generation z Which of the following groups has never lived without easy access to the Internet and other digital technologies? ⠐ £ ⠐ £ culture Which of these is a macroenvironmental factor? ⠐ £ ⠐ £ green marketing Kimberly-Clark recently introduced rolls of toilet paper without the cardboard core. What social trend does this product respond to? ⠐ £ ⠐ £ generation z The members of the __________ generational cohort tend to share preferences for TV shows and video games with their parents. ⠐ £ generation z the members of the __________ generational cohort were born into a world where the Internet and extensive digital technologies already existed. ⠐ £ creating an advertising campaign to target elementary school children. If McDonalds wanted to change its marketing strategy in response to the social trends outlined in the text, it might consider all of the following ideas EXCEPT ⠐ £ wireless payments from mobile devices. Suppose that you are the vice president of marketing for Target, the large retail store chain. You want to keep your website and in-store services current with technological advances. You would be experimenting with the next expected development in mobile technology, which is ⠐ £ ⠐ £ greenwashing Some companies have been accused of taking advantage of the current social trend of green marketing, positioning their products as environmentally friendly when this may not actually be the case. This is called ⠐ £ ⠐ £ yoga Part of the social trend toward health and wellness is a concern about the increasing degree of obesity in the United States. In addition, trend-watchers are noting the increasing popularity of ⠐ £ legislation and laws The political/regulatory environment comprises political parties, governmental organizations and ⠐ £ ⠐ £ baby boomer baby boomer gen y Which generation is also known as Millennials? ⠐ £ The first generation of latchkey children. Generation X is is known for which of the following characteristics? ⠐ £ $5,800 the poorest 10 percent of the U.S. population earned an average of _______ in 2010. ⠐ £ African American U.S. households are more affluent than previous studies suggested. Which statement about the changing diversity in the United States is TRUE? ⠐ £ privacy concerns Which social trend would lead you to purchase a protection plan against identity theft? ⠐ £ ⠐ £

Boiling Point Elevation Example Problem

Boiling Point Elevation Example Problem This example problem demonstrates how to calculate boiling point elevation caused by adding salt to water. When salt is added to water, the sodium chloride separates into sodium ions and chloride ions. The premise of boiling point elevation is that the added particles raise the temperature needed to bring water to its boiling point. The extra particles interfere with the interactions between solvent molecules (water, in this case). Boiling Point Elevation Problem 31.65 g of sodium chloride is added to 220.0 mL of water at 34  °C. How will this affect the boiling point of the water?Assume the sodium chloride completely dissociates in the water.Given: density of water at 35  °C 0.994 g/mLKb water 0.51  °C kg/molSolution:To find the temperature change elevation of a solvent by a solute, use the equation:ΔT iKbmwhereΔT Change in temperature in  °Ci van t Hoff factorKb molal boiling point elevation constant in  °C kg/molm molality of the solute in mol solute/kg solvent.Step 1 Calculate the molality of the NaClmolality (m) of NaCl moles of NaCl/kg waterFrom the periodic tableatomic mass Na 22.99atomic mass Cl 35.45moles of NaCl 31.65 g x 1 mol/(22.99 35.45)moles of NaCl 31.65 g x 1 mol/58.44 gmoles of NaCl 0.542 molkg water density x volumekg water 0.994 g/mL x 220 mL x 1 kg/1000 gkg water 0.219 kgmNaCl moles of NaCl/kg watermNaCl 0.542 mol/0.219 kgmNaCl 2.477 mol/kgStep 2 Determine the van t Hoff factorThe van t Hoff factor, i, is a constant associated with the amount of dissociation of the solute in the solvent. For substances which do not dissociate in water, such as sugar, i 1. For solutes that completely dissociate into two ions, i 2. For this example NaCl completely dissociates into the two ions, Na and Cl-. Therefore, i 2 for this example.Step 3 Find ΔTΔT iKbmΔT 2 x 0.51  °C kg/mol x 2.477 mol/kgΔT 2.53  °CAnswer:Adding 31.65 g of NaCl to 220.0 mL of water will raise the boiling point 2.53  °C. Boiling point elevation is a colligative property of matter. That is, it depends on the number of particles in a solution and not their chemical identity. Another important colligative property is freezing point depression.